difference between alexandrian and antiochene christology pdf difference between alexandrian and antiochene christology pdf

WebFrom 3rd to 4th century, Tertullian and Origen give a more complete doctrine of Christology. [8] Wai-Shing Chau. I will show how the distinction between law and gospel in his Commentary on Galatians favors the discontinuity of Mosaic Law. Cirilo se sumerge en el debate con invectivas fuertes, remitiendo un documento Para Nestorio, el nuevo Judas. Given the various theological controversies that existed in Origens day, it is no surprise that his commentary evinces a somewhat polemical character. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. WebAlexandrian and Antiochian approaches to hermeneutics as deployed by John Chrysostom and Gregory of Nyssa as they work with the Beatitudes Typically, the view of Alexandrian and Antiochian hermeneutics has been one of dichotomy: Alexandrians were allegorical, and Antiochians were literal-historical. 0000008544 00000 n 0000007081 00000 n In Cyrils letters against to Nestorius, Cyril not only defends the title Theotokos against accusations that it was reviving the heresy of Apollinariusm, but he denies the very legitimacy of using alternative Christological schemes a such as the association of personas the Antiochian thinkers had spoken of. This desire to avoid both the Scylla of Judaism and the Charybdis of Gnosticism (or better, Marcionism) set the stage for a multiplicity of Christian approaches to Mosaic Law. Antiochene theology Quick Reference A modern designation for a style of theology associated with the Church at Antioch, contrasted with Alexandrine theology. Grace is the essence of Sinai, but it is veiled until Calvary. Alexandria had it's own form of Christology, that defined the Human Nature in the Hypostatic Union to be a generic human nature, and this was in contrast (although not incompatible) with the Antiochene Christology that define's Christ's Human nature as a specific human being. [6] Karlfried Froehlich, Biblical Interpretation in the Early Church (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984), 15-16. For Origen, God ordained this historical event in order to guide his people from the letter to the spirit. the 10/12 Board Origens Hermeneutic in Historical Context. [23] But the reason for this is historical rather than anthropological. James O. Duke (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2009), 1:174-78. [13] It is also Christianitys oldest surviving commentary on Romans, predating by about 150 years the second oldest commentary, written by John Chrysostom. WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. Dr. Pittenger's Criticism of the Alexandrine Christology.-In one place Dr. Pittenger admits that the Alexandrine and the Antiochene are two legitimate ways of thinking on the Person of our Lord, and that each of them will have adherents and admirers all the time. Christ had two natures. By answering that question in the negative, the church acknowledged some degree of discontinuity with Mosaic Law. Cyril plunges into the debate with sharp invective, addressing one document To Nestorius, the new Judas. [2] Henning Graf Reventlow, History of Biblical Interpretation, trans. For example, his refutation of Gnostic ideas like the permanent, intrinsic goodness or wickedness of souls led him to infer the possibility of final salvation for all people, even perhaps the devil. These are the somatic, the psychic, and the pneumatic senses. As Chau observes, The New Testament differs from the Old only in being a clearer, but not a fuller, manifestation of the spirit.[28], (See the conclusion of the paper in Part 2.). 0000008123 00000 n 0000004287 00000 n Por otro lado, el trmino Anthropotokos reconoce que Mara es la madre de este hombre, pero dicho trmino puede en s mismo dar a entender que l no es ms que un hombre, lo cual de nuevo es ofensivo a la fe cristiana ortodoxa en la deidad de Cristo. 0000009410 00000 n 0000008102 00000 n The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. Alexandria had it's own form of Christology, that defined the Human Nature in the Hypostatic Union to be a generic human nature, and this was in contrast (although not incompatible) with the Antiochene Christology that define's Christ's Human nature as a specific human being. According to Edwards, the most that can be inferred from Origens extant writings is that the human soul is created in the hand of God immediately before embodiment, but this does not entail any supposed punitive fall from heaven, as Platonists contend. In fact, Philo goes so far as to say that Greek philosophers must have appropriated their thought from Moses himself. [12] This is the only commentary of Origens to have survived from beginning to end, even though it has been significantly truncated in the Latin translation of Rufinus of Aquileia (only a few scattered fragments of the original Greek still exist). It was generally in contrast with and sometimes opposed to the theology of Alexandria. Online tuition for regular school students and home schooling children with clear options for high school completion certification from recognized boards is provided with quality content and coaching. HVr6j.qR q}|HHOil$!R3Bok2'?ad #BHQ"Z7+:sGi iU`cVAwy2ZDOKu*&4Yd? WebFrom 3rd to 4th century, Tertullian and Origen give a more complete doctrine of Christology. 845 (2012) 153-177. !CYf} qC%/f9 jhA4i4OMUA\:>v'E3 {yhPVQgllY+5p}`NW. MIRABILIA 17, Home Eletronic Journal of Antiquity & Middle Ages Journal of the Institut d' Estudis Medievals (UAB), Journal of Early Christian Studies 17.3 (2009): 381-419, Vigiliae Christianae 65.4 (2011): 376-407. On the other hand, the term Anthropotokos acknowledges that Mary is the mother of this man but can itself be taken to suggest that he is merely a man, which again is offensive to orthodox Christian faith in the deity of Christ. Alexandria and Antioch had developed very different views on the matter: The Alexandrian school leaned towards Christs humanity and divinity being absorbed into each other while Antioch leaned towards maintaining the human and divine in Christ as two separate beings. Developing a conducive digital environment where students can pursue their 10/12 level, degree and post graduate programs from the comfort of their homes even if they are attending a regular course at college/school or working. This led him to a rather syncretistic blend of Hellenistic cosmology and Logos christology, with the result that later interpreters would fault Clement for some of his Gnostic tendencies. Grade 10 and 12 level courses are offered by NIOS, Indian National Education Board established in 1989 by the Ministry of Education (MHRD), India. Change). 0000007720 00000 n You can download the paper by clicking the button above. WebThe theology of the Alexandrian school was influenced by the Platonic traditions of Philosophy. I was in search of an online course; Perfect e Learn WebCompatibility of Antiochene and Alexandrian Christology - Read online for free. 0000003186 00000 n As a result, the Alexandrians tended to see Mosaic Law in terms of continuity, and the Antiochenes tended to see it in terms of discontinuity. WebAntiochene exegetes tended to insist more than their Alexandrian counterparts on the importance of seeing each biblical passage in its context within the longer narrative of Israels history, and to search for practical, moral applications, while Alexandrian interpreters tended to be more interested in the theological and spiritual meaning. En una carta a Cirilo, Nestorio sostiene que Cirilo tena razn al ensear que las dos naturalezas de Cristo se unieron en una sola persona, y que tambin acertaba al decir que la divinidad no puede sufrir en s misma, pero que cuando contina diciendo que la deidad participa en el sufrimiento, l echa a perder toda su buena obra. Origens defense of Mosaic Law in his Commentary on Romans is rather complex, and it may be helpful to analyze his argument topically, in terms of various distinctions that he makes. Si Jess era humano, argumenta Cirilo, y si Dios estaba en otro lugar, la Encarnacin, la Palabra hecha carne, carecera de sentido. 0000001237 00000 n [1] The Alexandrian tradition thus placed a heavier emphasis on the trans-historical, spiritual meaning of Scripture, while the Antiochene tradition stressed the primacy of the literal, historically situated meaning of Scripture. Further, Origens treatment of the literal sense of a given passage sometimes led him to reject its historicity. Antiochene theology Quick Reference A modern designation for a style of theology associated with the Church at Antioch, contrasted with Alexandrine theology. First, it is a mistake to simply say that for Origen, ceremonial laws are literal, and moral laws are spiritual. 0000005673 00000 n [4] The difference between the two non-literal senses is that the psychic concerns day-to-day ethical living, while the pneumatic concerns higher theological and christological truths. A term paper written on the prompt: "With reference to the dispute between Cyril and Nestorius evaluate the assessment that Antiochene and Alexandrian Christologies are ultimately incompatible." 0000009443 00000 n In these works, Origen describes a threefold distinction in the meanings of Scripture, which correspond to body, soul, and spirit. Even the ceremonial laws have a spiritual sense, although it may be comparatively more obscure than for the moral laws. For Nestorius, the language of the exchange of properties was generally suspect, and often odious. 0000007699 00000 n [17] All of these laws, however, were in some sense an expression of Gods unchanging moral will. This distinction corresponds in some degree to his distinction between letter and spirit, and it is only the ceremonial law as letter that Origen rejects. On the other hand, Gnostic interpreters often denigrated Mosaic Law by ascribing it to an inferior deity, compelling Christians to defend the inspiration and authority of the Old Testament. 0000000867 00000 n NIOS helped in fulfilling her aspiration, the Board has universal acceptance and she joined Middlesex University, London for BSc Cyber Security and But the nature and extent of this discontinuity would continue to be debated. Ever since its inception, the church has struggled to understand the proper place of Mosaic Law in Christian ethics. This was the charge of the early church, and many modern scholars have followed suit. Origen, Contra Celsum, 1.4-5; 5.37. Origen (ca. This article questions the value of the categories the school of Antioch and Antiochene christology on the basis of the significant theological differences between the two central figures in the school: John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia, both of whom studied together at the school of Diodore of Tarsus in the late fourth century. These and works of a similar nature are the works by which he says no one can be saved[21], Three observations ought to be noted here. For Ariu s Christ was a creature, generated 0000001216 00000 n In scriptural exegesis it placed more emphasis on the One of Origens fullest treatments of the Mosaic Law is found in his Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. Antiochene side. [22], Second, Origen believes that the letter of the law is unattainable. Then, there were many different viewpoints of the doctrine proposed by Alexandrian School (ex: Arius, Athansius, and Apollinarius) and Antiochene School (ex: Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 78 (2002), 57-78. recommend Perfect E Learn for any busy professional looking to [3] According to Elizabeth Lauro, the somatic sense can be understood as literal, whereas the psychic and pneumatic senses are non-literal. Such aberrations in theology persuaded his own bishop Demetrius to denounce him as a heretic, and many of Origens views would be condemned in AD 553 at the Fifth Ecumenical Council in Constantinople. WebAlexandrian and Antiochene theologians were expedient hermeneuts, meaning they utilized whichever exegetical practice (allegory, typology, literal, historical) that would supply them with their desired theology or interpretive conclusion. %PDF-1.3 % "Abstract. In particular, I will focus on his Commentary on Romans and show how his hermeneutical distinction between letter and spirit favors the continuity of Mosaic Law in Christian ethics. Against this backdrop, it would be tempting to claim that Origen himself must have imbibed too much of Platonic thought. Our Degree programs are offered by UGC approved Indian universities and recognized by competent authorities, thus successful learners are eligible for higher studies in regular mode and attempting PSC/UPSC exams. Nestorio sostuvo que el trmino Theotokos no hizo justicia al hecho de que, en sentido Eirini ARTEMI, The rejection of the term Theotokos by Nestorius of Constantinople and the refutation of his teaching by Cyril of Alexandria De Medio Aevo 2 (2012 / 2) ISSN-e 2255-5889 126 estricto, Mara no fue la madre de Dios, sino la madre del hombre a quien la fe cristiana reconoce como divino, y por eso lo llama Dios. Nestorius was enthroned as archbishop on April 10th 428. WebThe notion that there existed a distinction between so-called Alexandrian and Antiochene exegesis in the ancient church has become a common assumption among theologians. However, it is not the final step. Este es a la vez poderoso y frgil, majestuoso y humilde. WebAlexandrian and Antiochian approaches to hermeneutics as deployed by John Chrysostom and Gregory of Nyssa as they work with the Beatitudes Typically, the view of Alexandrian and Antiochian hermeneutics has been one of dichotomy: Alexandrians were allegorical, and Antiochians were literal-historical. Thanks to Moses and the ceremonial laws, a certain part of humankind began to be liberated from the kingdom of sin and death, and cleansing of sins began to be ushered in.[26] Origen even goes so far as to say that the Mosaic Law is a life-giving Spirit for those who understand it spiritually.[27] He argues that it is precisely on this point that both Jews and Marcionites fall into error. The literal sense is thus reduced to a mere receptacle, playing only an instrumental or subordinate role. 0000000940 00000 n Rather than being a prison house, our bodies give us the opportunity to exercise virtue and grow into the likeness of God. I This makes Origen unique among early Christian interpreters in ascribing such a pedagogical significance to the fall of Jerusalem. More often, however, Origen makes use of a merely twofold distinction between the literal sense and the spiritual sense, in accordance with Pauls terminology of letter and spirit (2 Cor. The Christology of the Fourth Letter of Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagite: Chalcedonian or Monophysite? THE TRIAL OF EUTYCHES: A NEW INTERPRETATION, Catholicity and Heresy in the Early Church - Mark J. Edwards, Compare and contrast the theological schools of Alexandria and Antioch. There is no record of a formal school such as apparently existed at alexandria, although lucian of antioch directed his didascalion and Diodore of Tarsus his Resumen: Cirilo de Alejandra no slo fue uno de los mejores telogos cristianos de su poca, sino que tambin se destaca en las filas de los ms grandes escritores patrsticos de todas las generaciones, como quiz el ms poderoso exponente de la cristologa que la Iglesia haya conocido. [] Note: this is the second part of a paper originally written for a class on the History of Biblical Interpretation at Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia. In their Christology they stressed the divinity of Christ. Thomas Scheck (Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 2002), 1-2. The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. 0000008565 00000 n If Jesus was only human, Cyril argues, and God was elsewhere, the Incarnation, the Word become flesh, would be meaningless. In large measure, Origen inherited this de-historicizing and allegorizing approach to Scripture from two earlier Alexandrians: Philo and Clement. Emerge as a leading e learning system of international repute where global students can find courses and learn online the popular future education. While the Alexandrian school adopted the "hypostasis union" or the "nature union" of the As a result, the Alexandrians tended to see Mosaic Law in terms of continuity, and the Antiochenes tended to see it in terms of discontinuity. For himself, he says, he has chosen to be on the. WebANTIOCH, SCHOOL OF The common doctrinal tendencies, particularly in exegesis and Christology, that characterized the theological thinkers and writers who represented the Antiochian tradition. MBA is a two year master degree program for students who want to gain the confidence to lead boldly and challenge conventional thinking in the global marketplace. This method is set forth most explicitly in his work De Principiis (On First Principles), and is also evident in his numerous commentaries. Angels were bound to natural law,[16] Gentiles to natural and civil laws, Jews to natural and ceremonial laws, and Christians to the law of Christ. For him, God the Logos raised the dead Lazarus, while the man Jesus wept at the tomb. Due to the papers original length, I will split it into two parts (Part 2 can be read here). Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Clement (d. ca. The difference between Alexandria and Antioch was not exegetical; it was theological. WebThe notion that there existed a distinction between so-called Alexandrian and Antiochene exegesis in the ancient church has become a common assumption among theologians. have discontinued my MBA as I got a sudden job opportunity after WebCyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known. Philo affirmed its authority, but unlike the rabbis of his day, he believed that this authority was found in the realm of ideas which transcended the wording of the text itself. In Nestorius letter to Cyril, he argues that Cyril was right to teach the two natures were united in one person, and right to say that the divinity cannot suffer in itself, but that when he goes on to speak of the deity participating in suffering he undoes all his good work. Nestorio fue entronizado como arzobispo el 10 de abril 428. Such a categorization would overlook the dual aspect of every text of Scripture. 42 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 44 /H [ 940 297 ] /L 26946 /E 10052 /N 4 /T 25988 >> endobj xref 42 26 0000000016 00000 n 3:6). i.e, word became flesh. test, which makes it an ideal choice for Indians residing WebANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY The dominant theology of the early Church in Antioch. Cristo tena dos naturalezas. This is why Origen can speak of Christian baptism as the spiritual equivalent of circumcision (Calvinists were not the first to make this connection!). John Anthony McGuckin (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), 139. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Una de sus frases favoritas es: El Logos sufri impasiblemente. Although Philo was Jewish, his impact would prove to be far greater on later Christian interpreters, such as Clement. (LogOut/ Where Presbyterian faith meets postmodern culture. Cyril insists that Mary, the mother of God, should be called Theotokos. This Demiurge was not inherently evil, but was nevertheless inferior to the God of love and compassion revealed by Jesus. [], [] Alexandrians vs. Antiochenes on Mosaic Law (Part 1) []. WebThe Antiochenes looked at Scripture for moral improvement; the Alexandrians sought theosis through contemplative reading. [8] On the other hand, Mark Edwards has recently argued in his book Origen against Plato that Origen denies many of the fundamental tenets of Platonism. Thus, like his predecessors Philo and Clement, Origen believed that the essence of Mosaic Law is also found in natural law. Hovorun, Serhiy. This was seen in Clements belief in the eternity of matter and thought, and in cosmic cycles predating the creation of the world. WebCompatibility of Antiochene and Alexandrian Christology - Read online for free. develop their business skills and accelerate their career program. WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. 85-160), whose name has become synonymous with an excessively lowview of the Old Testament. [4] Elizabeth Lauro, Reconsidering Origens Two Higher Senses of Scriptural Meaning: Identifying the Psychic and Pneumatic Senses, in Studia Patristica 34, ed. In response to these teachings of Marcion, Origen defended the positive value and continuing relevance of Mosaic Law for Christians. Two interpretive traditions emerged: the Alexandrian and the Antiochene. In the following centuries, the church faced opposition on two fronts. Ontological and dynamic aspects of deification through participation ( ) to the divine life, [Mitropolia Olteniei Journal 2014, Special Issue pp. WebANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY The dominant theology of the early Church in Antioch. WebThe Alexandrian and Antiochian Christological Thoughts1 Many scholars attribute the problem of the Christological formula concerning the nature of Christ "Mia-physis and Dyophyses" to the controversy between the Alexandrian and the Antiochian theology. Philo, a wealthy first-century Jew, was well known for his efforts to integrate Greek philosophy and Jewish theology. [13] Origen, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, Books 1-5, trans. Origen identifies the content of natural law with what is known as the second table of the law, encompassing such prohibitions as murder, adultery, and false testimony. 0000008977 00000 n He was endowed with a brilliant mind and a zeal for orthodoxy, but sometimes his efforts to combat heresies would cause him to over-correct in heterodox directions. 0000002908 00000 n In their Christology they stressed the divinity of Christ. In other words, Such blending of Greek and Jewish categories is also seen in his handling of Mosaic Law. For himself, he says, he has chosen to be on the. My childs preference to complete Grade 12 from Perfect E Learn was almost similar to other children. tuition and home schooling, secondary and senior secondary level, i.e. In spite of some of his more idiosyncratic conclusions, Origen developed an exegetical method that would have a profound impact on subsequent theologians. But, our concern was whether she could join the universities of our preference in abroad. 215 AD) was committed to the idea that all truth, whether in pagan or biblical sources, found its fulfillment in the reality of Christ. 120-146], The Mystery of the Impossible Union of Divinity and Humanity in Jesus Christ, "The Bishop of Rome and the Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon, AD 451: Why Pope Leo Is Doctrinal and Disciplinary Demands were Met," MA Thesis (2011), Duo filii and the homo assumptus in the Christology of Theodore of Mopsuestia: The Greek fragments of the Commentary on John., Is There Room for Two? successful learners are eligible for higher studies and to attempt competitive 0000005651 00000 n On the one hand, Jewish interpreters insisted on the total and literal application of Mosaic Law, compelling Christians to defend the supremacy of the revelation of Christ. [7], Such was the heritage of Origens forbears. Our online courses offer unprecedented opportunities for people who would otherwise have limited access to education. 185-254) was born in the Egyptian city of Alexandria to Christian parents. Digital Forensics. For instance, Wai-Shing Chau writes that Origen was operating on a Middle-platonic scheme, as is evident in his notions concerning the Father as the supreme mind, the existence of intermediaries between mind and the material world, and the pre-existence of the soul. "The Council of Chalcedon 451: In Search of a Balanced and Nuanced Christology," in Seven Icons of Christ: Introduction to the Oecumenical Councils. [9] These tenets include the participation of created objects in eternal, incorporeal Forms, the impossibility of predicating truth about God, and the transmigration of the soul. 16 and 33, Vetus Latina: Aus der Geschichte der lateinischen Bibel (Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany: Herder, 1990-1998). Cirilo insiste en que, si bien por s misma la propia naturaleza humana no es poderosa, sino pasible, en su unin con la divinidad, como en el dinmico acto de la Encarnacin, la naturaleza humana del Logos se convierte as en un instrumento del poder omnipotente, y, por tanto en un sentido real, aunque mentalmente paradjico, en un instrumento omnipotente. I strongly There is no record of a formal school such as apparently existed at alexandria, although lucian of antioch directed his didascalion and Diodore of Tarsus his One important distinction is that between Mosaic Law and natural law. [18] In fact, throughout his Romans commentary, Origen arguesthat Paul speaks more often of natural law than Mosaic Law. Cyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known. Theological History of Two Natures/One Person, The rejection of the term Theotokos by Nestorius Constantinople, Nestorius did not intend to argue that Christ had a dual nature, but that view became labeled Nestorianism (PRO), The Two Is of Christ: Revisiting the Christological Controversy, El rechazo del trmino Theotokos por Nestorio de Constantinopla y la refutacin de su enseanza por Cirilo de Alejan, La Virgen Mara, Theotokos, y Cristo, verdadero Dios y verdadero Hombre. Theodore of Mopsuestia prefers to speak of the perfect union of Christs natures rather than synthesis. John Anthony McGuckin (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), 140-41. Origens doctrine of the body seems to directly parallel his doctrine of biblical interpretation. Hb```5x(1a.@qgUn+870p005x@g2b)(| OL ", Popular Controversies in World History: Investigating History's Intriguing Questions, Anglican Theological Review 94:3 (Summer), De Medio Aevo 2 (2012 / 2) ISSN-e 2255-5889. At the same time, Origens eschatology suggests that the body is a mere stepping stone to a higher reality, one in which we enjoy immediate communion with God unencumbered by carnal habits like eating and drinking.[10]. Perfect E Learn is committed to impart quality education through online mode of learning the future of education across the globe in an international perspective. Towards the aim, Perfect E learn has already carved out a niche for itself in India and GCC countries as an online class provider at reasonable cost, serving hundreds of students. We follow a systematic approach to the process of learning, examining and certifying. (LogOut/ WebAlexandrian and Antiochene theologians were expedient hermeneuts, meaning they utilized whichever exegetical practice (allegory, typology, literal, historical) that would supply them with their desired theology or interpretive conclusion. While the Alexandrian school adopted the "hypostasis union" or the "nature union" of the document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. The Alexandrian Christology is usually referred to as Christology from above, orLogos SarxChristology. However, church historians have long since recognized that this distinction is neither wholly accurate nor helpful in exegetical studies. It would be a mistake to say that the literal sense of a text was irrelevant for Origen; rather, discerning the literal sense was the necessary means by which one could attain the spiritual sense. Alan J. Hauser and Duane F. Watson (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2003), 352. [14] Origen was persuaded that all rational creatures, excepting young children,[15] were accountable to some law or another. l encontr en las expresiones Madre de Dios y Dios sufriente poco ms que una devocin ignorante que haba cortado tantos ngulos en sus implicaciones, hasta el punto de haberse quedado muy cerca de las concepciones mticas paganas de la deidad.